The way a diamond is cut is proportional to how much sparkle it will have. The most expensive cut is round-shaped (see the "brilliant cut in the lower right-hand row, in Figure 1 below). It takes much precision to cut a round-shaped stone.
Figure 1. Some common shapes of cut diamonds (from a picture in an old newspaper).
10 most common shapes:
round [round brilliant = most popular shape because it has maximum sparkle]
princess
cushion = one of the most timeless cuts
emerald = another one of the most timeless cuts
oval
asscher
radiant
pear (tear-drop shape)
heart
marquise
less common shapes (often used in multi-stone rings):
trilliant
bagnuette
European
rose
mine
briolette
kite
tapered baguette
calf
shield
princess
additional shapes:
rectangular
heart
square
facet (flat surface)
fancy
boat-shaped
radiant
Portuguese (an old but intricate [complex] pattern)
Online Sources of Information:
International Gem Society https://www.gemsociety.org
Understanding gem shapes: a guide to the art and craft of gemstone cuts.

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